开发了基于空气制动系统仿真的列车纵向动力学仿真程序.通过单车撞击试验获得缓冲器本构关系,通过仿真获得1+2+1编组两万吨列车制动特性.计算了两万吨列车车钩力分布特性,在受力特点上看,1+2+1编组列车在制动时可以看作中间分界的两段列车,每段列车前部受压,后部受拉.最大车钩力发生在列车的约1/8处,最大拉钩力发生在列车的约7/8处.后部机车滞后于前部机车制动,将使受压车辆数目增多,最大压钩力增加、发生位置后移,最大拉钩力变化不大.车钩间隙越大,车钩力越大.初速度越高,车钩力越小.

A new combined model of longitudinal dynamic and air brake system for heavy haul train is established.The brake system performance of service application and longitudinal coupler force is simulated for 1+2+1 connected train.From the view of coupler force,the train can be considered as two parts divided from the middle of the train,and the two parts have similar coupler force characteristics.The front part is suffering compression coupler force,while the last part tension force.The maximum compression and tension forces occur at about 1/8 and 7/8 of the train length.When the brake initial time of middle and last locomotive lags the first locomotive brake initial time,the compression coupler force increases,and the maximum tension force change little,and the number of vehicles which have compression force increases.The lager the gap between two couplers is,the bigger the coupler force,and the force will decreases with the initial velocity increases.