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针对高速列车无线通信质量问题，首先从天线理论出发对传统天线进行优化和改进，设计了对称振子和微带贴片两款天线。天线工作频段均为2.4/5.8 GHz,全向性对称振子天线增益为2.1 dBi, E/H面半功率波束宽度为78°/360°,定向性微带贴片天线增益为7.9 dBi, E/H面波束宽度为67°/82°。其次以高速列车为研究对象，在CST电磁软件中对两款天线的车内传输效果进行仿真分析，最佳传输功率位于-3～-11 dBmW,属于最优等级Ⅰ,验证了所设计天线的可靠性。最后搭建了无线车载网络天线布局，以天线接收功率为研究对象，将仿真与实测结果进行对比，验证了所搭建车载无线网络的可靠性以及所得结论的准确性。
Abstract：Aiming at the quality problem of high-speed train wireless communication, this paper firstly optimizes and improves the traditional antenna from the antenna theory, and designs two antennas, symmetrical oscillator and microstrip patch. The antennas operate in 2.4/5.8GHz, the gain of the omnidirectional symmetrical oscillator antenna is 2.1dBi, and the half-power beam width of the E/H plane is 78°/360°. The directional microstrip patch antenna has a gain of 7.9dBi and an E/H beam width of 67°/82°. Then, taking high-speed train as the research object, the simulation analysis of the two antennas in CST electromagnetic software shows that the optimal transmission power is between-3～-11dBm, which belongs to the optimal level I, and verifies the reliability of the antenna designed in this paper. Finally, the antenna layout of wireless vehicle network is built, and the receiving power of antenna is taken as the research object to compare the simulation results with the measured results. The results verify the reliability of the vehicle wireless network and the accuracy of the conclusion. The research results have a good reference value for train wireless communication.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13291/j.cnki.djdxac.2026.03.017
中图分类号:TN820;U270.382
引用信息:
[1]闻品,王帅,王雷.高速列车车载天线系统传输仿真研究[J].大连交通大学学报,2026,47(03):143-151.DOI:10.13291/j.cnki.djdxac.2026.03.017.
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